Land-anchor



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. C. PRATT.

LAND ANCHOR.

(K0 Model.)

PatentedDec. 14,1886.

2 Sheets8heet 2. G. G. PRATT.

LANDANGHOR.

Patented Dec. 14, 1886. 292

INVENTOR: 616i 2 BY Mud/M41 "5- ATTORNEYS.

-m a: in Fig. 2.

the claims.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CYRUS o. PRATT, or LINCOLN, Kansas.

LAN D-ANCHOR.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part0! Letters Patent No. 354,342, dated December14, 1886.

Application iilcd December 11, 1885. Serial X0. 185,3?7. (X0 model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUS Oalnn'r'n of Lincoin, in the county of Lincolnand State of Kansas, have invented a new and useful Improvement inLand-Anchors, of which the following is a specification, referencebeinghad to the annexed drawings, forming a part thereof, in which-- I Figure1 is a perspective view of a building, showing the application of myimproved landanehor. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section. Fig.3 is a plan view. Fig. 4. is an inverted view, partly in section, takenon line Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the tightening device. Fig. 6 is adetailed view of one of the sections of the anchor. Fig. 7 shows theapplication of my improved anchor to wharf-boats, and Fig. 8 shows aside and end View of a part of a bridge to which my improvement has beenapplied.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts in thefiguresoflthc drawings.

The object of my invention, is to provide a simple, reliable, andeasilyapplied anchor for retaining buildings on their foundation incountries subject to tornadoes, to protect such buildings fromlightning, and also to provide an efi'ective anchor for bridges, forwharf boats,

and other uses.

My .invention consists in an expansiblc anchor adapted to'be inserted ina cylindrical hole bored in the earth, and arranged to expandWllGlLiZilB tie o1" rod with which it is connected is drawn.

- My invention also consists in the peculiar construction andarrangement of parts, as hereinafter fully described, and-pointed out-in A cone, A, of iron or othersuitable material having suflicientstrength to resist the lateral pressure to which it may be subjected, isbored axial] to-receive a rod, 13, which is threaded gives it a at itslower end and provided with a nut, to. Surrounding the cone Athere is acylinder, 0, in the present case formed of four sections, b, b, b, andb', I nected from each other. The cylinder 0 is bored conically andfitted to the cone A, and its upper end has a conical cavity, D, whichfirm hold upon the earth, in which the anchor is buried, and alsoassists the cone which are entirely discon A in expanding the anchor, ina manner presently to be described. Notchcs c are formed in the sides ofthe cone A, near the lower and larger end thereof, and opposite eachsection of the cylinder G, and in the inner surface of each section ofthe cylinder 0, near the upper end of the cylinder, is made a notch, d,which forms a hook, e.

For convenience in placing the anchor in the hole bored for itsreception and removing it therefrom preparatory to permanently fixing itin the earth, each section of the cylinder 0 is provided with aneyebolt, f, whose lower end extends into the notch d and is providedwith a nut. The upper end of the rod B is threaded and inserted in thecrossbar g of a stirrup, E, and a nut, h, is placed upon the rod B inthe stirrup E and rests upon the crossbar g. The upper end of thestirrup ll re ccivcs a flat strap, F, of steel or iron or other suitablematerial, which is bent around the upper end of the stirrup, and isreceived in a clamp, j, which surrounds the main portion of the strapand the extremity thereof, which is bent upward after being bent aroundthe stirrup E. The strap F extends over the roof of a building or acrossthe beams of a bridge, and is connected with a similar stirrup at theopposite end.

My improved anchor is buried at a suitable depth in the earth by boringa hole in the earth of about the same means of an ordinary post-holeaugnr, then inserting the anchor in the hole and tamping the eartharound it, so as to retain it securely against upward pressure. Thestraps F are rendered taut by turning the nuts h on the ends of the rodsB. XVhen the straps F are put under extraordinary tension. the rods 13will be drawn upward, and by the action of the inclined surface of thecone A upon the inclined surfaces of the sections of the cylinder 0 thecylinder will be expanded laterally against the solid earth wall bywhich it is surrounded, and the sections of the cylinder will beprevented from being withdrawn from the earth by the engagement of theupper ends of the sections with the earth tamped in the hole above theanchor. The greater the upward pull upon the rod B the greater will bediameter as the anchor, by

consequence the sections of the cylinder will engage a greater area ofearth, and the resist ance to upward pressure will thus be very rapidlyand effectively increased; but should the expansion of the anchorproceed so far as to bring the hooks e into engagement with the notchesc in the sides of the cone A, 'then no further expansion will takeplace, and the sections b b b'b' of the cylinder will be drawn alongbodily with the cone A.

By using a sufiicient number of my improved earth-anchors upon anybuilding it may be securely protected from being unroofed or removedfrom its foundation, and by applying lightning-rod points i to thestraps F in suitable positions the house will also be effectuallyprotected against lightning, as the anchors are always buried insuflicient depth of earth to insure an effective ground for alightningconductor.

The application of my improved anchor to a wharf-boat is shown in Fig.7, the anchors being buried in the earth, as before described, abovehigh and below low water mark, and connected by chains with windlasseson the boat.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the application of my improved anchor to thecables and braces of a bridge, G being the cables of the bridge, E thestirrup, and B a strap connecting the cone A with the stirrup.

The guy H, which braces the bridge laterally, is secured to theanchor 1. (Shown in dotted lines.)

Having thusdescribed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a land-anchor, the combination, with a conical or tapering cone,of sections arranged to be expanded by the cone, substantially as hereindescribed.

2. In a land-anchor, the combination of the rod B, cone A, and cylinder0, formed of sections b bb 12, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

3. In a land-anchor, the combination, with the cone A, provided withnotches c, of the cy1- inder 0, formed of sections 1) b b b, eachsection having a hook, e, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The combination, in a land-anchor, of the cone A, the cylinder 0,formed of sections b b bb, and eyebolts f, attached to the sectionssubstantially as herein described.

5. The combination, in alandanchor, of the cone A, the sectionalcylinder (3, the rod B, stirrup E, and strap F, substantially as hereinshown and described.

CYRUS C. PRATT.

Witnesses:

GHAUNCEY DYKE, FRANCIS G. DOWNEY.

